Sexual Addiction Essay - 1457 Words

Sexual Addition may be a common problem but it still remains a relatively understood condition characterized by strong sexual urges. In recent weeks, the issue has resurfaced. Last week, a Journalist Brian Alexander(2007), this psychological condition was once again questioned and the condition was described as such: Sexual addiction is defined as any sexually-related, compulsive behavior which interferes with normal living and causes severe stress on family, friends, loved ones and ones work environment. However, many psychologists and therapists alike find this definition to be vague and void of concrete symptoms that differ from those that are experienced by someone not suffering from a sexual addiction. Sexual addiction, like†¦show more content†¦Patrick Carnes(2004) is a PhD who has been at the forefront of sexual addition. To date he has written ten books on the topic and is currently working on two more. While he agrees that the disorder is difficult to understa nd, he has devoted a great deal of time to creating a better understanding and making sure that those who suffer from the disease can be properly diagnosed and receive necessary treatment. As with the diagnosis of any disease, there must be a concrete list of symptoms and the patient must experience all or some to be diagnosed. Therefore, Carnes(2004) has developed ten specific characteristics that he feels define a sex addict. A list of symptoms has made the disease easier to diagnose because psychologists and researchers are now able to look for the above specific traits. However, despite these concrete symptoms, the addiction can be difficult to diagnose because addicts tend to be secretive and too embarrassed to share details about what happens behind closed doors. The disorder can also be masked by other forms of Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Manic Depression. Some of the other common obsessions that may coexist with a sexual addiction are gambling, food, alcohol and drugs. Many researchers believe that sexual addiction may be the root of the problem byShow MoreRelatedSexual Addiction2325 Words   |  10 PagesSEXUAL ADDICTION Sexual addiction is a popular model to explain hyper sexuality —sexual urges, behaviors, or thoughts that appear extreme in frequency or feel out of ones control. Hyper sexuality is typically associated with lowered sexual inhibitions. Alcohol and some drugs can affect a persons social and sexual inhibitions. There are differences of opinion among sexologists, sociologists, psychologists and other specialists as to whether the phenomenon represents an actual addiction orRead MoreInternet Sexual Addiction4936 Words   |  20 PagesInternet Sexual Addiction It seems that the Internet has become an ever-growing part in numerous areas of the everyday lives of people. One area that is worthy of further study involves sexual addiction and how it is related with too much use of the Internet. Some scholars allege that sociopaths are starting to emerge online and it has been dubbed as â€Å"technological addictions†. This article looks at Internet addiction with respect to excessive sexual behavior. It includes discussions of the notionRead MoreIs Pornography Addiction A Sexual Addiction?752 Words   |  4 PagesEtiology/Neurobiology As previously mentioned, pornography addiction is a sexual addiction. Like most addictions, there is not one single cause for the addiction. Rather, there are several factors that play into the role of addiction such as biological, psychological, socio-cultural, and spiritual factors. Individuals may have a genetic makeup or biological variables that make them more susceptible to acquiring a sexual addiction such as pornography. The ability to overcome impulsive behavior withRead MoreSexual Addiction Among Christians And Sexual Abuse1080 Words   |  5 Pagesadultery, rape, and even child molesters. A person is constantly being bombarded with sexual content. It is nearly impossible to surf the internet without coming across some kind of sexually explicit content. Sex is everywhere and it is no longer hard for anyone to get access to content that no one should be looking at. â€Å"Healing the wounds of Sexual Addiction is my attempt to examine and address the issue of sexual addict ion among Christians. We will expose these secret sins to the light of the gospel andRead MoreUnderstanding Sexual Addiction Essay1268 Words   |  6 Pagesor diseases. Sexual addiction, although not always recognized, is a severe condition which affects many. Sexual addiction should be widely acknowledged as a severe issue because of its impact on the addicts nervous system, the root of its development, and its relevance to human behavior. What is sex addiction? The term sexual addiction is used to explain the behavior of a person who has an unusually intense sex drive or an obsession with sex. Those suffering from sexual addiction can be sufferingRead MoreThe Problem Of Sexual Addiction2169 Words   |  9 Pagescomplications of assessing, diagnosing, and treating sexual addiction. An average of 22 million people suffer from sexual addiction; 45% of that statistic belongs to women. However, research in the area of sexual addiction does not cater to these numbers. Often time’s research either does not focus on gender, is concentrated only on men, lumps both genders into one, or simply ignores women all together (McKeague, 2014). While some causes of sexual addiction will be similar for both genders, emotions andRead MoreUnderstanding Sexual Addiction Essay890 Words   |  4 PagesBefore one can begin to understand the complexities of sexual addiction it must be adequately defined. The National Council on Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity has defined sexual addiction as â€Å"engaging in persistent and escalating patterns of sexual behavior acted out despite increasing negative consequences to self and others.† (Herkov) It is important to note that this means that sexual addiction isn’t just the desire to have sex more than normal but also that the addict engages in activitiesRead MoreHyper Sexual Addiction Is A Disorder Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesHyper Sexual addiction is a disorder that can be defined as a person having a habitually elevated sex drive, fantasies, and urges. Nevertheless, compared to other sexual addictions, this could be known as one of the most riskiest and dangerous a ddiction. Hyper Sexual Addiction has become more prevalent because of the infidelities amongst some celebrities and political figures. Sexual addiction has always existed, but because of technology and social media, people have become aware of it. PeopleRead MoreReaction Paper To Healing The Wounds Of Sexual Addiction1638 Words   |  7 PagesHealing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction Tiffany Carthins Liberty University Abstract Dr. Laaser (2004) provides a detailed look into sexual addiction from a Christian viewpoint in Healing Wounds of Sexual Addiction. The focus of this assignment will be to gain knowledge of what sexual addiction is, how family dynamics are affected, treatment of sexual addiction, and lastly addressing sexual addiction in the church. Exploring the different areas of how sexual addiction and how it can affectRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Healing The Wounds Of Sexual Addiction By Dr. Mark R.1667 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract This critical review will attempt to summarize the book â€Å"Healing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction† written by, Dr. Mark R. Laaser, highlighting all the central themes and giving an in-depth analysis of Dr. Laaser’s work on the subject of sexual addiction. It will give his perspective and evidence to support it from the book and other sources. In this review, you will find that Dr. Laaser has added valuable insight to the subject on a personal level. It will also show how Dr. Laaser’s faith

Immigration Policy And The Current Illegal Immigration Crisis

For quite a long time U.S. immigration policy and the current illegal immigration crisis has been one reason for political debates among democrats and republicans, as policymakers address problems related to U.S. labor demand and border security. Policymakers from both political parties have attempted to find a solution to the illegal immigration crisis and have currently submitted several immigration proposals before the senate. Some of these proposals are: â€Å"The McCain-Kennedy Secure America and Orderly Immigration Act by Senators John McCain (R-AZ) and Edward Kennedy (D-MA), The Cornyn-Kyl proposal Comprehensive Enforcement and Immigration Reform Act by Senators John Cornyn (R-TX) and Jon Kyl (R-AZ), and The Specter proposal, a compromise proposal from Senate Judiciary Chairman Arlen Specter†. (Pan1) In spite of all the proposals presented by these policymakers, none of such proposals have been good enough to be approved by the senate. An extensive migration reform has evaded Congress for a long time now, moving decisions in between different branches of the government, and leaving the issue without any resolution. meanwhile, the legal status of an estimated eleven million undocumented immigrants living and wor king in the U.S, lie in a legal limbo. There are several part of the population that is affected by the immigration crisis. Some might say that because of the high number of illegal immigrant many jobs have been lost or go to those immigrants for a lower salary,Show MoreRelatedThe Government Must Solve The Immigration Crisis1664 Words   |  7 PagesIt is time for the U.S. government to resolve the immigration crisis, which has not only become an ethical dilemma, but also an economic setback. Finding a solution doesn’t mean drawing up a quick law or rule that will slow down the crisis, we must tackle this dilemma head on ethically in a way that is acceptable for both the government and the public. The rule of law and compassion are intertwined when discussing immigration. Rule of law revolves around the responsibility to those in the countryRead MoreImmigration And The United States1464 Words   |  6 Pages Immigration has always been a complex issue in the United States. Previous and current administrations have had great difficulties in setting policies and programs in place to address this problem. During the course of American history, laws were enacted to address such issues. There were numerous legislative milestones in regards to immigration in the United States. In order to understand the current issues regarding immigration, we have to look back at the policies that were in placeRead MoreThe Immigration Crisis Of The United States1039 Words   |  5 Pages The immigration crisis Akash Patel Economics 3rd Period One of the biggest crises the United States fracases is illegal immigrant. Even though we know about the problem we don’t do anything that is effective. Because of illegal immigrant people born and raised in America are losing jobs. The current immigration crisis in the US is years of mishandling and gone bad. Many of the current immigrants here were originally here. This mentality has led to a hugeRead MoreThe Issue Of Illegal Immigration1069 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal immigration has become an explosive issue in the U.S. Many people have debated fervently in their disapproval of illegal immigration, whereas others defend it just as ardently. The church and Christian religion/theology has been drawn into the fray over illegal aliens as well, with Christians on both sides seeking to validate their positions based on their own individual beliefs. I interviewed many different people with equally varying opinions on the matter. Over the past few months, manyRead MoreIllegal Immigration to America991 Words   |  4 Pagesin a new type of immigration: illegal immigration. Ignoring American laws, these immigrants enter the country unnoticed and assimilate themselves into American Culture. With large borders and c itizens who fail to abide by the law, the government basically allows them to actually cause some major damage. To fully understand the issues developed from illegal immigration, the history of illegal immigration in the U.S. must be understood first. At the country’s start few policies were in place regulatingRead MoreHow Can America Become A Better Immigrant Nation?1245 Words   |  5 Pagesdeclining in recent years. Journalists are pointing out that one of the reasons why it got weaker is due to a failed immigration system and outdated policies towards illegal immigrants. For instance, Fareed Zakaria from Time magazine says, although America was once considered an example to many other immigrant nations, it is now falling behind some of them in terms of immigration-related matters (24). Simply put, it is no longer the best immigrant nation it used to be. However, indicators of beingRead MoreImmigration And The United States965 Words   |  4 Pages Immigration is a highly controversial and big problem in the United States today. â€Å"While some characterize our immigration cris is as solely an issue of the 11 to 12 million unauthorized immigrants living in this country, our problems extend beyond the number of undocumented people to a broader range of issues. The lack of a comprehensive federal solution has created a slew of lopsided, enforcement-only initiatives that have cost the country billions of dollars while failing to end unauthorizedRead More Illegal Immigration Essay1105 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal Immigration   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most controversial political issues of today is that of illegal immigrants from Mexico. Illegal immigration into the United States is a problem that should be stopped, as it is unfair to both Americans and to the people of the country from which they illegally immigrated. It is thought that the majority of illegal aliens residing in the U.S. are Mexicans (Anderson 55). Roy Beck clarifies the situation by stating, The national consensus is that the UnitedRead MoreImmigration Laws Are The Motivators Of Illegal Immigrants1204 Words   |  5 Pagescontroversial political issues of today is that of illegal immigrants from Mexico. Should the question of Illegal immigration into the United States be stopped, as it is unfair to both Americans and Mexicans which illegally immigrated. It is thought that the majority of illegal aliens that are now living in the U.S. are Mexicans (Anderson 55). Roy Beck clarifies the situation by stating, The national consensus is that the United States should be a post-mass immigration country which has included most leadersRead MoreMedia Reaction Of Political Issues On Immigration1334 Words   |  6 Pages Media Reaction to Political Issues on Immigration Marvin Cornejo Instructor: Eddie Trevizo 6:00 pm to 10:00 pm Introduction Political issues relating to immigration have long been a concern since migrating into the United States became so called â€Å"illegal† in the late 1880s. In reality, immigration was barely regulated until the early 1920s when congress passed a Quota Law limiting the amount of people allowed to enter the country annually. Just how immigrants stormed into the United States

Remarkable Way to Boost Your Morale free essay sample

The book relates the story of Mary Jane Ramirez, recently widowed and a mother of two young children. Mary Jane had been working since two years for a financial company, First Guarantee Financial, as a supervisor in the operations area. After the death of her husband she was offered to engineer a turnaround at her company? s troubled operations department, which her boss described it as the â€Å"toxic energy dump†. However, considering her difficult financial situation and being the only earning parent, she is forced to accept this pay rise along with the challenge of improving this division. At first the task seemed unthinkable taking into account the lack of motivation and energy present in the workers at the operations department. But an accidental rendezvous with Lonnie, a fishmonger at the â€Å"Pike Place Fish Market† teaches her 4 ingredients or strategies that every company, small or multinational company should apply. The fist ingredient is to â€Å"choose your attitude†. We will write a custom essay sample on Remarkable Way to Boost Your Morale or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"There is always a choice about the way you can do your work, even if there is not a choice about the work itself. We can choose the attitude we bring to our work. This is one of the most important lessons that a strategist should take into account. He or she should bring a â€Å"pleasant†, â€Å"fun loving†, â€Å"energetic† attitude to work which can be transmitted to other workers, like this creating a good working environment. The second ingredient is to â€Å"Play†. It is important to be serious at work but a little play relieves stress and helps create an environment that allows for creativity, motivation very good idea, which not helps relieve stress but also helps the workers to unit with each other. Being this very important because in the corporate world the workers (employees) have to work together to achieve the mission of the company and if they are not united, the company wouldn’t reach its objective. The third lesson is to â€Å"make their day†. This teaching doesn’t only help us in having more loyal customers but also in having a more dedicated work force. The book demonstrates how the fishmongers incorporate the customers in choosing the appropriate fish or by telling the customers to help them bring the fish from the refrigerators and put them into the ice. Through this way they achieved the customer to take a memory with them. The same should be applied by line managers, production managers, etc. For example, whenever some worker is depressed or going through a rough phase in live, just by patting their back and telling them that everything will be all right will make them feel better. This simple gesture will make them fell more important/ cared by the company hence making them more dedicated workers. The last teaching is being present – Be fully engaged in your current activity – whether on the phone, speaking with someone or working on a particular task. Be fully present and attentive to your actions and any other person. This level of attention communicates volumes about the importance of others, or what you’re doing. In conclusion, apart from these four strategies â€Å"choose of attitude, play, be there, make their say†, there was one strategy in the book that wasn’t really discussed in the book â€Å"the internal preparation†. The internal preparation that Mary Jane went through, the questions that she asked herself, about if she has lost her faith in her ability, her confidence, etc and once she found her answers, she prepared herself to bet her fears and also help her fellow coworkers to find their lost confidence, motivation, etc. This internal assessment is not only important for an individual to go through but also very important for a company to do its own assessment and known it? s strengthens and weakness in order to tackle the market.

Lab #1 free essay sample

For the investigation purpose, Eyal needs to be able to read all the files in the company’s Unix system; on the other hand, to protect the integrity of the system, Eyal should not be able to modify any file. To achieve this goal, Ron, the superuser of the system, wrote a special set-root-uid program (see below), and then gave the executable permission to Eyal. This program requires Eyal to type a file name at the command line, and then it will run /bin/cat to display the specified file. Since the program is running as a root, it can display any file Eyal specifies. However, since the program has no write operations, Ron is very sure that Eyal cannot use this special program to modify any file. †¢ Set q = 0 in the program. This way, the program will use system() to invoke the command. Is this program safe? If you were Eyal, can you compromise the integrity of the system? For example, can you remove any file that is not writable to you? (Hint: remember that system() actually invokes /bin/sh, and then runs the command within the shell environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab #1 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We have tried the environment variable in the previous task; here let us try a different attack.Please pay attention to the special characters used in a normal shell environment). †¢ Set q = 1 in the program. This way, the program will use execve() to invoke the command. Are your attacks in task (a) still work? Please describe and explain your observations. 6) Relinquishing privileges and cleanup. To be more secure, Set-UID programs usually call setuid() system call to permanently relinquish their root privileges. However, sometimes, this is not enough. Compile the following program, and make the program a set-root-uid program. Run it in a normal user account, and describe what you have observed. Will the file /etc/zzz be modified?Please explain your observation. Advanced Set-uid security If your program must run setuid or setgid, make sure to use the privileges properly so that an attacker cannot exploit other possible vulnerabilities in your program and gain these additional privileges. You should perform whatever work requires the additional privileges as early in the program as possible, and you should drop the extra privileges immediately after that work is done. While many programmers may be aware of the need to drop privileges, many more are not. Worse, those who do know to drop privileges rarely know how to do so properly and securely.Dropping privileges is tricky business because the semantics of the system calls to manipulate IDs for setuid/setgid vary from one Unix variant to another—sometimes only slightly, but often just enough to make the code that works on one system fail on another. On modern Unix systems, the extra privileges resulting from using the setuid or setgid bits on an executable can be dropped either temporarily or permanently. It is best if your program can do what it needs to with elevated privileges, then drop those privileges permanently, but thats not always possible.If you must be able to restore the extra privileges, you will need to be especially careful in your program to do everything possible to prevent an attacker from being able to take control of those privileges. We strongly advise against dropping privileges only temporarily. You should do everything possible to design your program such that it can drop privileges permanently as quickly as possible. We do recognize that its not always possible to do—the Unix passwd command is a perfect example: the last thing it does is use its extra privileges to write the new password to the password file, and it cannot do it any sooner.Data Type: uid_t This is an integer data type used to represent user IDs. In the GNU library, this is an alias for unsigned int. Data Type: gid_t This is an integer data type used to represent group IDs. In the GNU library, this is an alias for unsigned int. Function: uid_t getuid (void) The getuid function returns the real user ID of the process. Function: gid_t getgid (void) The getgid function returns the real group ID of the process. Function: uid_t geteuid (void) The geteuid function returns the effective user ID of the process. Function: gid_t getegid (void) The getegid function returns the effective group ID of the process.

Surf Up at Patagonia Essay Example

Surf Up at Patagonia Essay Example Surf Up at Patagonia Essay Surf Up at Patagonia Essay Surf’s Up at Patagonia. Question 1) Patagonia stresses the importance of hiring employees with passion- a passion for anything, not just sports. Why do they place such importance on passion? Why would they think that someone with a passion for something unrelated to sports (i. e. cooking) might be an excellent employee for their company? Answer. HRM department of any firm would desire the best employees while recruiting. It is because money and most importantly time is used up in training them. So the main objectives would be to hire very efficient and loyal employees. Efficient and motivated workers would also mean Labor Turnover at its minimum. Through these techniques a firm can save up huge chunk of money which can be invested elsewhere. Patagonia uses a very modern technique for recruiting its employees. A passion for anything would mean that employees would also have passion to do their job. Patagonia sells sports equipments and obviously sports resemble passion. As Patagonia is ‘a firm with passion,’ they also want their employees to be passionate towards anything. So that they can understand the importance of passion on work. This passion will lead to higher efficiency and well motivated workforce. Sincerity towards work will automatically increase and there will be lower labor turnover and absenteeism rate. Highly motivated workforce would also mean greater customer relationship and production of high quality goods. From these it can e derived that Patagonia is the ultimate gainer. Question 2) What effect do Patagonia’s practices of providing child-care and donating to environmental groups have upon employee productivity and retention? Why? Answer . Patagonia has this amazing child care facility which is ‘onsite daycare. Single parent employee’s children can stay at their sight. This will make the employees more secured about their children while at work. Thus, this will create a homely atmosphere for the working parents and will help them to concentrate more on work rather than worrying about their children. More concentration would mean more efficient workforce and high dedication t owards work. If the firm is more ethically responsible then the employees will feel proud to work at the firm. Patagonia shares a vast corporate social responsibility. Moreover, the employees can also choose where to donate money and where not. Sense of achievement will work upon the employees while selecting donating groups. The employees will also feel ethically responsible. This proudness for the firm will lead them to be more devoted towards their managers and Patagonia. And this devotion will obviously be reflected on their work, they will me more efficient and careful. By both ways the employees at Patagonia will become more efficient and thus there will be minimum wastage of resources and maximized profit for Patagonia. Question 3) Can you see possible abuses of a flextime program? What does a company do to prevent such abuses before they occur? Answer. Flextime is a facility a firm provides to its employees. Employees can choose their desired holidays and also working hours. It’s a key to help employees with the fixed universal working hours. Flextime is designed, especially in Patagonia, so that an employee can proactively maintain work-life balance. Now, there are also some fallbacks of flextime hours which can stated as follows: Efficiency of work may decrease due to reluctance to work during business hours. Employees may take the job too easily and might later face a haphazard situation, for example, time management. And this is how quality of work may decrease. The situation mentioned earlier may also spoil the business environment. Employees may work whenever they want to and code of conduct can be disobeyed. Employees may lie to the managers to enjoy facilities. By seeing an employee taking a time off may also tempt other employees also to take a break. In this way key employees might not be near hand when required urgently. t may also result in an decreased concentration towards work and spirit of teamwork as employees and working hours het divided. To prevent these types of lags a company may take the following measures: Hiring strong management group can stop mismanagement amongst workers. Check and survey back ground and other information on employees to see who actually needs flextime and to avoid miss use of facility. Measured flextime should be permitted to each employee and t here should be a rule that how many workers can take some time off at a particular period. Providing facilities like onsite child care may reduce the usage of flextime.

10X Marketing Formula Book Launch - #OverheardAtCoSchedule

10X Marketing Formula Book Launch The 10X Marketing Formula  is finally here! If you’ve been following for the past few months, you might know it’s our CEO and co-founder Garrett Moon’s new book. It explains how grew from zero to over 8,000 customers in less than four years by pushing back on conventional marketing wisdom. Best of all, it shows how you can do the same. This isn’t just another marketing book, though. It’s packed with actionable advice that actually works, sharing the same strategies we implement every day at . You’ll learn all about: What should marketers do when content marketing doesn’t work? What is competition-free content, and how can a blue ocean strategy drive results? And above all, how can marketers push past work that drives 10% improvements, and focus on projects that drive 10X results? On this episode of Overheard At , we’re getting Garrett’s insights into what The 10X Marketing Formula  is all about. This marks a major milestone for all of us here, and we can’t wait to hear your thoughts on the book.

Student loan vs bank loan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Student loan vs bank loan - Research Paper Example A majority of students applies for federal loans. However, there has been an increase in the number of students applying for bank student loans. The federal government determines the fixed interest rates of the federal student loans, while the lender determines bank student loan rates. The lender determines the fee to be charged on the principal amount, and this is based on the credit worthiness. Students who are apply for Stafford and Perkins loans to require credit worthiness but those applying for the PLUS loan require no previous adverse credit. Considering the pros and cons of each option, it becomes challenging to decide whether students should apply for the federal student loans or the bank student loans. There have been price wars about the federal loans and bank loans for students as reported in the media in recent times (Andriotis 1). One may argue that the bank loans for students are actually cheaper than those being offered by the federal government. A few years back students preferred to have loans from the federal government because the rates were subsidized. This means that in the case of a rise in the interest of the federal loan, the students’ rates were not affected. The students were allowed to pay the amount that was agreed. Many students preferred federal student loans because they are easy to qualify for compared to banks (Clark 1). The bar set for by the federal government understands the need of students to have the money to pay for education. Banks on the other hand need assurance they will get their money back. This means that to access money from a bank the qualifications are quite high. The credit history of the student should be clean. The students should also have a repayment ability convincing enough to the bank before accessing a bank loan. This means the students should have a source of income, which is highly unlikely in most cases. The bank will require financial information on

Challenges and benefits for community health nurses Essay

Challenges and benefits for community health nurses - Essay Example In addition, community nurses educate the general community regarding various diseases, how to prevent them and how to live healthy while suffering from certain diseases. According to Savage et al. (2006) this is because, most people in the community lack the information on how to address the various diseases that affect them. However, community nurses often have various challenges with regards to how they carry basic operations in the job description. One of the main challenges that community nurses face is the exposure to infectious diseases in the course of their work. Community nurses provide healthcare in all social settings including the community, churches, schools and even the homeless. In addition, community nurses address complex health problems including delivering healthcare to people living with HIV/AIDS. Under such circumstances, there is no guarantee as to whether the nurses will be infected with infectious diseases. In addition, various protective measures to prevent such an occurrence are not adequate to address the health safety of community nurses. Community nurses also face the challenge of an unresponsive society. Some communities have strong cultural and religious beliefs that affect their attitude and perceptions regarding the healthcare services. Convincing such people in the commu nity on the importance of accessing healthcare services is a huge challenge for community nurses. Savage, C. L., Xu, Y., Lee, R., Rose, B. L., Kappesser, M., & Anthony, J. S. (2006). A Case Study in the Use of Community†Based Participatory Research in Public Health Nursing. Public Health Nursing, 23(5),

The Unvanquished Essay Example for Free

The Unvanquished Essay Two of the women from this novel deserve utmost respect. Granny and Drusilla took matters into their own hands, and are an inspiration to many women who read this novel. Strong women like them were unusual during this time period. Granny and Drusilla are in no way â€Å"picture-perfect southern belles†, yet they took what they had at the time and the experience that was given to them and represented true southern women. Granny was a strong woman of this period; she understood how things worked, and was smart enough to know how to manipulate things to her advantage. â€Å"’Bayard Sartoris, what did you say’? We killed him Granny! ’ †¦Then she said, ‘Quick! Here! ’†¦ and then Ringo and I were squatted with our knees under our chins, on either side of her against her knees†¦her skirts spread over us like a tent†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢You are mistaken,’ she said, ‘There are no children here. ’†) [Faulkner 30-31] This is a shorten version of the quote. The scenario is when Bayard and Ringo shoot at the Yankee soldier on a horse. They hit the horse instead of the man, though they are unaware of this fact. They run home shrieking at Granny to help them, so she has them hide underneath her skirt. The soldier comes in; then the Colonel comes in. The whole situation puts Granny in a bad position, because she’s a good, southern, God fearing woman, and the only way out of this predicament is to lie to the Yankee Colonel who comes in after Bayard and Ringo. Both Granny and the Colonel know there Bayard and Ringo are, but a gentleman doesn’t ask a lady to get up like that without good cause. Granny knew she could play this to her advantage. Granny sits there completely poker-faced and flat out tells him there are no children. The coronel simply jokes about the children and leaves. This is just one example of how Granny took a problem into her own hands and took care of it, with no man needed. She didn’t know who was going to be coming through those doors, it could have been dangerous; however, she handled the situation with grace and elegance, never skipping a beat. Granny showed great responsibility and courage when she had the idea to use the money and slaves to get mules from the Yankees. She turned the original mix-up into a smuggling business: she showed true genius in a time of real need. â€Å"’Ten chests tied with hemp rope,’†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢a hundred and ten mules’†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Get what we got. Hurry’. He turned to Granny. ‘The general said to give you another hundred with his compliments’† [Faulkner 88-89] Again, another abbreviated lengthy quote. What’s happening here is Granny never got her exact box of silver back, but she was reimbursed for the silver. The Yankee in command gave her a slip with an order for a large amount of mules. When Granny and Ringo go to get them, the soldier they speak to doesn’t understand, and gets the entire transaction mixed up. Granny turned this unexpected occurrence into a blessing and opportunity to turn a profit and give the mules to the townspeople. Most of what originally occurred was a miscommunication; however, Granny and Ringo simultaneously recognized what was happening and took advantage of it. â€Å"The man counted the mules; we didn’t hardly move†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Forty-seven will do,† said Ringo†¦ and then all of a sudden she took her hand away from her chest; it had the paper in it; she held it out to the lieutenant without saying a word. † [Faulkner 91-93] Granny had the courage to risk getting caught, and continued to play the same con numerous times after, forging the note each time. She was a woman; an older woman at that, but she desperately wanted to somehow make a contribution to the war effort and also help out the community as best she could. The war devastated the south, and changed many things. If she could somehow right some of the wrongs that had been done to the people, while at the same time hindering the Yankees, it could be a step toward putting things back the way they were. Because Granny had been around as long as she had, she was a huge believer in tradition. She was stubbornly trying to preserve a community and take care of them, much like a mother takes care of her family. Many people enjoy discussing Drusilla, due to her unusual behavior and intrigue of the character. Drusilla wasn’t the average run-of-the-mill housewife; she had hopes and aspirations; goals and a set agenda. She didn’t wait around for a man to help her; if she wanted something done, she did it herself. â€Å"’This horse? ’ Cousin Denny said. ‘Ain’t no damn Yankee going to fool with Dru’s horse no more. ’ He didn’t holler now, but pretty soon he began again: ‘When they come to burn the house, Dru grabbed the pistol and rum out here-she had on her Sunday dress-and them right behind her. She run in here and she jumped on Bobolink bareback, without even waiting for the bridle, and one of them right there in the doorway hollering, ‘Stop’, and Dru said, ‘get away, or I’ll ride you down too’ †¦and Dru leaned down into Bobolinks ear and said, ‘Kill him, Bob’ [Faulkner 74] Drusilla didn’t stop to think of her own safety, or to wait for a man to step forward and assist; she acted out of courage and loyalty and attacked the men head on, knowing they were men and most likely stronger and better fighters. Drusilla portrays a strong, independent woman, with feministic qualities. Drusilla is a symbol of what is to come; she symbolizes strong women fighting for themselves, equality, and recognition. â€Å"She had on pants like a man† [Faulkner 73] â€Å"Her hair was cut short; it looked like father’s would†¦ She was sunburned and her hands were hard and scratched like a man’s that works would†. [Faulkner 75] It is apparent in other parts of the book that Drusilla didn’t always dress in a masculine fashion; when she was engaged to Gavin Breckbridge, she wore dresses and would have most likely lived out a stereotypical â€Å"southern bell† life, unworthy of remembrance. By this point in the book; however, we find Drusilla to be dressing like a man and attempting to take on more responsibilities and be more useful to the war effort. She commissioned herself to engage in manual labor, causing one sign of being a southern belle (soft smooth hands) to fade. Working hard was also a part of her own unique chivalric code of honor she took on, further distancing herself from her old life. High society women could afford to be shaded from the sun at all times; thus never resulting in sunburn. Poor whites were generally associated with having tan skin, while rich white women had fair porcelain skin-also a showing the segregation between poor people and wealthy people, as well as slaves. In the case of Drusilla being sunburned, it’s another segregating aspect allowing her to create a more equal atmosphere at which to fit into. Her unintentional idea was to appear less feminine; also creating a physical freeness at which she can move around and work more easily. Indirectly she also wanted to draw less attention to herself. She got the opposite effect: her change in appearance caused her to stand out as a new kind of person: a strong woman, purposefully surviving without a man. In this exquisite novel, so many different interpretations can be read from its intricately woven plot. These two women, Granny and Drusilla, went through quite a few trials and tribulations to become the much-respected women they were in the end. (Word count: 1,393)

Joseph Conrad :: essays research papers

Joseph Conrad Joseph Conrad, born Tedor Josef Konrad Nalecz Korzeniowski, was born December 3, 1857 in a Russian-ruled province of Poland. His parents’ involvement in the Polish independence movement had them kicked out of Northern Russia in 1863. After his parents’ deaths, he moved in with relatives where he was often ill and received little schooling.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At sixteen years of age, Conrad decided to become a seaman and he joined the British merchant marines in 1878. His lack of speaking the English language did not discourage him. During his ten years of service, Conrad became a British citizen, traveled the western continents, developed into a Captain and learned the English language.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Health problems caused his early retirement of the British merchant marines. In 1894, he started his career as a writer, using his seaman and sailing experience to write. In 1895, Conrad’s first novel, Almayer’s Folly, was published, with some of the book being written in the service. One year after his first novel, on March 24, 1896, Conrad married Jessie George. They had two children, Alfred Borys and John Alexander. In Kent, England, 1924, Joseph Conrad suffered a heart attack and died.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For the rest of his writing career, Conrad would have difficulty being a writer. He found it difficult to write in the English language: he thought it was a slow and unbearable torment. His novel Chance was his first financial success. His other novels and short stories that were published in the first ten years of the twentieth century are thought of as his most important works.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout his career, Conrad examined the ridiculousness of living by a traditional code of conduct: his novels suggest that the complication of the human spirit allows neither absolute loyalty to any ideal nor even to one’s conscience. It is presented in all of his novels that failure is a fact of human existence. The novel Nostromo, which deals mainly with revolution, politics and financial manipulation, is best at portraying failure. This novel is widely recognized as Conrad’s most ambitious novel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Secret Agent: A Simple Tale begins with Mr. Verlocs being summoned to a certain foreign embassy. Strolling down the street he did not look like the agent provocateur he was meant to be. He owned an ambiguous little shop where his family lived close by. He often entertained anarchists from London that he had to keep and eye on and hid his actual occupation.

Evaluate the Relative Importance of Domestic and Foreign Affairs in Shaping American Politics in the 1790’s

Evaluate the relative importance of domestic and foreign affairs in shaping American politics in the 1790's The American politics and policy were shaped by both domestic and foreign affairs during the 1790’s, though most of the influence came from domestic affairs. During the run of President Washington, Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton faced off because of their opposing views of what the government should be like. Hamilton wanted to shape new policies that would improve the economy, but Jefferson felt that one must adhere to anything that the constitution said; strict construction compared to Hamilton’s loose construction. Also, foreign affairs, such as new policies appearing due to the French Revolution and conflicts with Spain became a driving force for shaping American politics. It became very apparent that these affairs had been factors for America’s political success. When Washington was elected as the President in the 1790’s, Alexander Hamilton followed with him. He was soon an influence in most to all domestic affairs, and he used his role as Secretary of Treasury to put in place any plan that he felt was necessary, even if it was controversial. The positive of his plans were that they repaid the debt the United States had collected, but they caused great tension between the North and South. His plan to form a national bank did not sit well with the citizens in America, and it fared even worse with the government leaders. This event seems to be the defining moment that began a split-party government. These two new parties that arose were the Federalist and the Jeffersonian Republicans. They each had different views concerning the Constitution; the Federalist, like Alexander Hamilton, taking the loose construction, and the Jeffersonian Republicans, like Thomas Jefferson, taking the strict construction. The economic changes that were put into place by Hamilton caused many rebellions by the American citizens, and made the government learn the most effective ways to enforce their power of them. This gave the government confidence in their ability to handle their people better than they had years earlier, and they were able to assert their dominance in other forms. The United States domestic affairs escalated as more threatening foreign affairs were on the horizon. The beginning and duration of the French Revolution caused much turmoil in France, but it soon began to affect the United States as well. Tensions between France and America grew so much that war could very well be in the future. Jay’s treaty was an attempt to reconstruct the relationship between the two countries, but along with the XYZ affair, it was also unsuccessful and made the issues even worse. John Adams was now President, and in trying to fix foreign and domestic affairs, institutionalized the Alien and Sedition Acts. This had a great affect on the on foreign and domestic affairs, because the government was now able to determine to position of people in their society. This new act led to the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, which were domestic affairs that stated the nullification of such laws as the Alien and Sedition Acts was necessary and recommended because it was unconstitutional. The foreign affairs that were taking place between America and Spain were also affecting the politics in America. The Treaty of Sal Lorenzo gave America absolute enforcement of the boundaries and it gave them access to the Mississippi River. These foreign affairs helped to affect the American politics in that time, and for future generations. Foreign affairs such as policies coming about due to the French Revolution and a strained relationship with Spain affected the shaping of American politics, but domestic affairs seem to have affected them more. The conflicts between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton caused many changes in America that are still in place today, and their conflicts are ones that our two parties still face. Though, the government has had much experience in dealing with these problems, and now they can be handled differently than they were in the past.

Vark: Educational Psychology and Learning Styles

VARK Analysis Grand Canyon University VARK Analysis VARK refers to a specific style of learning, visual, auditory, reading and writing and kinesthetic leaners. (Fleming & Mills, 1992) VARK assessment questions alert people to the variety of different approaches to learning. (VARK: A Guide to Learning Styles, 2011) For those struggling with learning the VARK analysis can develop a new learning approach or enhance your current learning style by identifying your learning style to more effectively store and recall information. Knowing our own learning style also can help you to realize that other people may approach the situation different from your own. (Connor, 2009) â€Å"Everyone has a certain amount of each learning style, but one learning type will be more dominant that than other. †(Smith, 2011) Throughout our journey of childhood education we are introduced to kinesthetic learning in the early years, JR high visual and read and write and higher learners experience more auditory. (Smith, 2011) Each individual is exposed to different learning approaches however we develop a preference to a specific learning style. Whichever type a person is, will be how they view life and comprehend situations. This is their own, unique personal filtering system. Obviously each of us will become automatically drawn to our same type, and those who filter the same information the way we do. But having diverse relationships will increase our own happiness throughout our lives† (Smith, 2011) â€Å"VARK is a bout learning, not leisure activities. The read/write learners prefer information displayed as words. This learning style emphasizes text based-input and output. People who prefer this modality are often addicted to Power Points, the internet, lists diaries and words, words, words. †(VARK: A Guide to Learning Styles, 2011) Upon taking this test, it reinforced the learning strategies I currently utilize the read and write learning preference. Read and write learners need writing materials to take down points the think are important from what the read, hear and see. (Smith, 2011) The advantage for read write learners they are very independent with learning and can self-teach. A disadvantage to this style of learning preference if a presentation is audio or visual with no opportunities to take notes, this type of learner will struggle with comprehending the content. With a presentation that is more visual and audio, the read write learner must convert this content to a style of words in their head that will help them commit this to memory. (VARK: A Guide to Learning Styles, 2011) Read and Write learners prefer to take information by making list, headings or utilizing book, handouts, essays and manuals. To make their intake of information a learnable package a read and write learner must convert their â€Å"notes† by 3:1 for studying. † (VARK: A Guide to Learning Styles, 2011) These read/write learner to utilize the information they gather often organizes their written words into diagrams, graphs, charts and read their notes and rewrite the principals into other words. The successful output of this information is when they can perform well on a test or assignment. VARK: A Guide to Learning Styles, 2011) Completing the VARK analysis at the beginning of my BSN program reinforced the strengths of my read write learning preference. This learning preference style analysis also gave suggestions if a read and write learner is put in a situation where they must utilize the other learning styles. The suggestion to convert that information into the preferred â€Å"word† method read/ write learners like is an excellent suggestion rather than focusing on the fact one is uncomfortable with the presentation of the material in a non-preferred learning method. University Education is ideal for a read and write learner due to the comfort of reading text, writing notes and essays. † (VARK: A Guide to Learning Styles, 2011) This style learning preference does well with self-teach /learning which a benefit in the online classroom environment. The challenge a read/ write learner might face in the online classroom is the need to l isten to online tutorials, this is a time they would need to convert the information into a preferred â€Å"word† method to process the needed information in a way they better comprehend. The read write learner has a â€Å"AH HA’ moment which is the point the words they intake help them comprehend the topic and process the information long term. (Smith, 2011) References Connor, M. (2009). Ageless Learners: What’s your Learning Style? Retrieved January 20, 2012, from http://agelesslearner. com/assess/learningstyle. html Fleming, N. , & Mills, C. (1992). Helping Students Understand How They Learn [Journal]. The Teaching Professor, 7(). Retrieved from www. vark-learn. com Smith, C. (2011, June). Understanding Every Personality Type: Audio, Visual and Kinesthetic [Discussion Group comment]. Retrieved from http://applecsmith. hubpages. com/hub/Being-Successful-With-Every-Personality-Type-Audio-Visual-Kinesthetic Smith, D. (2011, June 26). Advantages and Disadvantages to different learning styles [Discussion Group comment]. Retrieved from http://www. ehow. com/info_8651838_advantages-disadvantages-different-learning-styles. html VARK: A Guide to Learning Styles. (2011). www. vark-learn. com

Hypothetical Case Study Childhood Sexual Abuse Social Work Essays

Hypothetical Case Study Childhood Sexual Abuse Social Work Essays Hypothetical Case Study Childhood Sexual Abuse Social Work Essay Hypothetical Case Study Childhood Sexual Abuse Social Work Essay and offender-focused perspectives.. Finkelhor explains four stipulations that must be involved for sexual maltreatment to take topographic point, factors connected to the maltreaters force to sexually mistreat ; factors bring oning the maltreater to get the better of internal obstructions ; factors bring oning the maltreater to get the better of external inhibitors and factors bring oning to get the better of the kid s opposition Modalities of intervention In intervention modes, whereby the chief end in sexual maltreatment intervention is to cover with the impacts of sexual maltreatment, and diminish the hazards of future sexual maltreatment. Treatment Issues for the Victim that will hold to be attended to be are ; Trust whereby ; there are lay waste toing effects on kids s relationship, particularly being able to swear o people. In household sexual maltreatment, the consequence is worse as in the instance of Melissa because her stepfather, who should be her defender, feats and violates the bounds of acceptable values. A non- offending parent like Melissa s female parent who could non believe her ab initio accelerates this harm. The healer is required to set up fortunes where the kid has positive engagement with sure grownups in order to rectify the kid s ability to swear. Emotional Reactions to Sexual Abuse whereby the kid experiencing being victimized in that she feels as if she is responsible and starts experiencing guilty, holding a disorganised sense of ego and low self-pride because of being involved in sexual maltreatment. The healer is required to assist the kid understand and accept that she was non responsible and besides make her feel good once more about herself. Protection from future victimization Protection from Future Victimization whereby the abused kid demands taught hereafter protection schemes. The kid should be taught to state no and state a trusty individual may be utile. Treatment Issues for the Mother Treatment Issues for the Mother peculiarly in instances affecting the female parents in interfamilial as in Asher s instance. Just like the victim Melissa her female parent will necessitate to undergo intervention in several countries such as countries connected to Sexual Abuse It is difficult for female parents of victims, to grok why a adult may travel sexual with a kid. This is an issue that the clinician should turn to with the female parent. The healer can offer professional account into the causes of maltreatment particular to the instance. Another issue to be addressed believing the kid s revelation of the sexual maltreatment. The healer can explicate makes her believe that the kid is stating the truth or conclude that kids do non do false allegations on such affairs. Finally the healer will assist the female parent comprehend her responsibility in the maltreatment, if she had 1. She is non to fault but in some manner may hold played a portion to drawn-out maltreatment as in the instance of Melissa and Asher for non believing her ab initio Bettering the mother-child relationship is besides really of import because it is an of import measure in helping the female parent to be protective of her kid in future. In the instance of intrafamilial maltreatment like Melissa s instance, the female parent should make up ones mind if she wants to cut off her relationship with the maltreater or salve her relationship. Personal issues such as past injury as holding been sexually abused herself which is the instance of Melissa. Such an experience has assorted impacts in on the female parent s ability to cover with her kid s maltreatment. The female parent may be non being in a place to get by because she has non dealt with her ain sexual maltreatment. Hence her maltreatment has to be addressed as in the instance of Asher. She may non surmise hazardous state of affairs rapidly and her determinations of spouses, playing portion in traveling in with a adult male who goes sexual with kids. Hence in decision, childhood sexual maltreatment is a really sensitive issue that has to be dealt with to avoid future devastation of the kids s lives Mention Finkelhor, D. ( 1986 ) . The Effects of Sexual Abuse, in D. Finkelhor et al. , Eds. Sourcebook on Child Sexual Abuse Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

The Best Way to Study for the SAT 4 Ultimate Tips

The Best Way to Study for the SAT 4 Ultimate Tips SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you hope to get an amazing SAT score and improve your chances of getting into the college of your dreams, you'll need to know the best way to study for the SAT.But without a definitive study plan and the tools needed to study effectively, you won't be able to maximize your score, even if you put in tons of prep time. In this article, I'll explain all of your SAT study options to help you figure out which ones are right for you, and also give you essential study tips for your SAT prep. What's the Best Way to Study for the SAT? The truth is, there’s no single best way to study for the SAT. Rather, there are multiple ways you can prep: Self-study Tutors Classes Online programs A combination of these options The option you should choose will depend on your resources and what you need help with the most in your SAT prep. Regardless of what you decide to do, your SAT studying should always involve several strategies that are essential for quality test prep. I’ll explain the various strategies you can use, and then go over how to decide which one is the right one for you. 4Key SAT Study Strategies No matter what SAT score you're shooting for or how you plan to get there, here are the strategies you absolutely must employ to raise your score. #1: Determine Your Target Score Before you begin your SAT studying, you'll need tofigure out what score you’re trying to get on the SAT.Having a target score will motivate you and inform your studying. To findyour target score, look up the 75th percentile SAT scores for the schools you’re planning to apply to. Don’t include your safety schools- instead,only look up the scores for the schools you’re most interested in attending. The easiest way to find SAT score info is to Google â€Å"[School Name] PrepScholar SAT† and look for your school's "Admission Requirements" page in our database. This page will tell you that school's average, 25th percentile, and 75th percentile SAT scores. Here is an example of the our PrepScholar page for the University of Wisconsin: Your target score will be the highest 75th percentile scoreout of all the schools you're applying to (again, excluding safety schools). If you achieve a score equal to or above the 75th percentile score for a given college, you'll give yourself a great chance of getting into that school. For more tips on how to make an SAT goal score chart and find your target score, check out our article on good and bad SAT scores. Goals are good. #2: Figure Out How Long You'll Need to Study You can get a rough idea of how long you’ll need to study for the SAT by calculating the difference between your target score and your current score. Your current score will be the score from your last SAT, or, if you haven’t taken the SAT yet, your score from anofficial SAT practice test. (If you take a practice test, be sure to simulate real testing conditions as closely as possible!) Here’s an estimated breakdown of the point improvements you can expect for various numbers of study hours: 0-30 point improvement: 10 hours 30-70 point improvement: 20 hours 70-130 point improvement: 40 hours 130-200 point improvement: 80 hours 200-330 point improvement: 150 hours+ Once you know how long you'll need to study, you can make a plan that'll let you put in enough study hours and ultimately hit your goal score on test day. For example, if you need to study about 40 hours to reach your goal and you're planning on taking the SAT in five weeks, you'll need to schedule at least eight hours of study time per week. #3: Analyze Your Mistakes and Focus On Your Weaknesses It’s not enough to just put in study time; you need to study effectively. You’ll make the best use of your study time by figuring out why you’re missing questions and by focusing on improving your weaknesses. There are three major areas you might need to improve before you take the SAT: Content The SAT tests you on a number of skills related to reading, writing, and math. By determining the specific question types you’re getting wrong, you can identify the topics you need to study more. For example, maybe you’re struggling with punctuation questions on Writing. Or perhaps you’ve been missing the small number oftrigonometry questions on Math because you never learned SOHCAHTOA. As soon as you know the topics that are most challenging for you, you can use your study time to understand them better and do a ton of related practice questions in order to improve your weaknesses. Time The SAT is a strictly timed test, and even if you’re comfortable with the content, you might struggle finishing each section in time. If you’re somebody who either rushes (you finish a section more than five minutes early and make careless mistakes) or struggles to complete a section within the allotted time, you’ll need to work on your time management. If you're running out of time, pay more attention to the time you spend per question on SAT practice tests.Here's an overview of the estimated time you should spend on each question on different sections of the SAT: SAT Section Total Time # of Questions Time per Question Reading 65 minutes 52 75 seconds Writing and Language 35 minutes 44 48 seconds Math No Calculator 25 minutes 20 75 seconds Math Calculator 55 minutes 38 87 seconds Essay (Optional) 50 minutes 1 50 minutes You might also need to improve your content knowledge or develop better test-taking strategies depending on why you're having trouble finishing in time. Strategy The SAT is known for having questions that can be confusing or misleading. If you struggle with understanding what a question is asking or often fall prey to common SAT tricks, you’ll benefit from improving your knowledge of SAT strategy. For example, if you understand how to do all the math on the Math section but have difficulty interpreting the wording in certain questions, you should spend more time learning how to figure out what the questions are really asking. If you're missing Writing questions because you're not sure how to read the passages, that's another sign you need to change and improve your strategy. More generally, you're having problems with strategy if you can grasp the content being tested but struggle to understand and approach SAT questions. #4: Use Realistic Practice Questions and Tests Undoubtedly, the best questions to use are those that most closely resemble the questions on the SAT. A huge flaw of many SAT prep books is that their practice questions aren’t exactly like those on the test. They’re either too difficult, too simple, or presented in a way that differs from the usual SAT question format. It won't help your SAT score much to focus on questions not like those you’ll encounter on the SAT. Therefore,you should use the eight official practice tests provided by the College Board. Khan Academy, a free website that haspartnered with the College Board, is also a good source of official SAT practice questions. Other options for realistic questions areofficial PSAT practice tests(though these will likely be slightly easier than actual SAT questions). Finally, because ACT Reading and ACT English are now so similar to SAT Reading and SAT Writing, you can use official ACT practice tests to supplement your Reading and Writing practice. How Should You Study for the SAT? 4 Methods Now that you know the strategies you must employ to study for the SAT, I’ll go through the various options for SAT studying to help you determine the best method for you. Method 1: Self-Study It’s possible to reach your target score by studying entirely on your own. Whether you've chosen to study independently or simply don’t have the resources to pursue other options,effective self-studying will require you to be extremely disciplined, organized, and motivated. You should set a definitive study plan and stick to it as closely as possible. Other than real practice tests and SAT prep books,I highly recommend reading our SAT blog to further guide your studying. We've written tons of content and strategy guides for the Reading, Writing, Math, and Essay sections. A major drawback of just relying on real practice questions or Khan Academy to study is that you won’t learn test strategies. These strategies, which are explained in our articles, will simplify the test and can help you improve your score. Method 2: Private Tutor A private tutor might be a good option for you if you’re looking for customized instruction or need more help learning the material that’s tested on the SAT. Also, meeting with a tutor can help you stay on track if you need a little push. Keep in mind that tutors can be expensive and oftenvary greatly in terms of their knowledge and effectiveness. Before hiring a tutor, learn what SAT tutors do and how much they cost. Equip yourself with the knowledge to decide whether you should work with a tutor or on your own. Method 3: In-Person SAT Prep Class In-person prep classes have a set curriculum, and, like tutoring, they’re a good option if you need help sticking to a study plan. A prep class can be a good fit for you if you want to learn test strategies and increase your familiarity with the SAT. The best SAT classes willgive you a solid foundation in SAT material and help you study more effectively on your own.Additionally, if you feel that you learn better in a traditional classroom setting, you might enjoy being able to socially interact with your peers. Prep classes do have some significant drawbacks, though. In my opinion, the biggest drawback of a class is that it's not customized to your individual needs.Classes often have students of varying skill levels, and much of its content might feel like review or, on the contrary, might be too challenging if you've never been exposed to the material before. I've taught a number of SAT prep classes, and, as a teacher, my biggest challenge was always trying to make my classes helpful for each student. In the same class, I had students who had just learned English and students who were excelling in their AP English classes. While students at every level did see improvement in their SAT scores after taking my class, admittedlyit was impossible for me to perfectly address the needs of every student. Depending on the length of the course, you might not have enough time to thoroughly cover all of the material on the SAT. Furthermore, SAT classes can get expensive, with many costing more than $1,000. Method 4: Online SAT Prep Course Online prep courses can be a great option for students who want some structure but also the freedom to work independently.The biggest advantages of a good online prep course are that you’ll get an effective study plan and thorough content instruction. What's more, the course will be customized to your particular skill level. I may be biased, but our PrepScholar program is an exceptional online SAT prep course. Itfocuses on improving your weaknesses, and all practice test questions are written by SAT experts who scored in the 99th percentile on the SAT. Furthermore, as an experienced SAT teacher, I know that PrepScholar teaches effective test strategies that aren’t taught in many other in-person or online prep courses. Like all other options, however, online SAT prep courses do have disadvantages. For one, you need to have self-motivation to push yourself to put in enough study hours. In other words, youwon’t have the encouragement of a teacher or tutor to help you focus and stay on track. Secondly, some students just learn better with an instructor in front of them who can immediately answer their questions and provide them with further explanation. While a quality teacher or tutor can keep you engaged with material you might not find too exciting, an online course can feel a bit distant and boring. CollegeDegrees360/Flickr How to Decide the Best SAT Study Method for You Here are four key questions to ask yourself to help you determine yourbest way to study for the SAT: #1: How Much Money Can You Spend on SAT Prep? Although I think spending money on SAT prep is a worthy investment, some students simply can’t afford a tutor or prep course. If you want to take a prep course but don't have enough money, talk toyour school counselor or look online to see whether there are any free SAT prep courses available in your area. In my own experience,I’ve taught several free SAT classes through organizations that specifically cater to low-income students. #2: How Do You Learn Best? Personally, I’ve always preferred studying independently. In school, I learned better reading alone from a textbook than I did in class listening to my teacher lecture. So ask yourself:which of the SAT study options above will work best for your learning style? Remember that you can combine study options, too. For example, you could primarily self-study and then hire a tutor for a couple of hours to help you understand a concept that's been puzzling you. Or, you could take an in-person prep course to learn test strategies and then take an online course for further content instruction. #3: Will You Be Able to Stick to a Study Plan? Self-studying and online courses work best for the most disciplined and determined students who are able to stay on task without the help of an instructor. However, even if you take a class or hire a tutor, you need to staymotivatedto be able to do the necessary work to reach your goal score. Consider your own study habits, such as how often you tend to procrastinate, and then choose the method that'll best suit your prep needs. #4: How Much Guidance Will You Need? If you're only around 50 points away from your target score, you might be able to reach your goal with a couple of weekends of self-studying or a short in-person prep course. However, if you need to raise your score by a large number of points- say, 300 points or more- and you’re struggling to understand critical SAT concepts, you'd probably benefit from more intensive instruction, such asfrom a tutor, online prep course, or multi-week class. Regardless of how you decide to study, as long asyou improve your weaknesses, analyze your mistakes, and use realistic practice problems, you’ll get your desired results in no time! What's Next? Considering using Khan Academy to help you study? Find out how to get the most out of it in your SAT prep. SAT practice test are an excellent way to prepare for the real SAT. But what about old ones? Learn how to use old practice SATs to study for the current SAT. Ready to self-study for the SAT?Then make sure you're using thebest SAT prep bookscurrently on the market. Don't forget thebest SAT websites, either! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep classes. 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What does Legacy mean to you Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What does Legacy mean to you - Essay Example The loss of traditional industries has led the urban governments will benefit from this since it promotes a business climate, which in turn stimulates economic growth. Concerning economic growth, measures to strengthen security and flexibility will be put into place. The urban government has a formidable task ahead of deregulation of labor markets that they offer to firm to attract them to London city. Policy enactment is a necessity to control the urban effect that comes along with. This will bring a transformation of the urban environment with the construction of post-modern modern architecture. This architecture is no doubt a spectacle that will make London attractive to tourists and consumer spending. The conversion of the Olympic Village Polyclinic into a long-term training center for the East London community is another legacy of the Olympics. This will lead to the creation of employment opportunities for the East London community (Great Britain: National Audit Office, 14). Socially, London will have an opportunity to convey an affirmative image during the Olympics hence attract non-UK people to live as well as work for some time and even after the Olympics. The Olympics will lead to an increase of commitment to sport. The UK will benefit from social and health benefits, which will become more accessible. Investment in grass roots sport will encourage sport in the UK. Regarding the Autism Awareness Campaign the UK will achieve impressive results in encouraging people with disabilities to take part in sports (publications.parliament.uk). The 2012 Olympics will have a significant political impact. The government at the cabinet-level will be involved in planning and creating the Olympic delivery authority, which will be an oversight to ensure the games are played and continues even after 2012.The minister for the Olympics will be the overall head responsible for the Olympics games (Great Britain: National

Claude Monet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Claude Monet - Essay Example He was also a student of Jacque-Louis David. Then became a mentee of Eugene Boudin who taught him on the outdoor technique of painting. He left school after being his mother dying in the year 1857. Later on he left France and went England where he painted more than 25 building and he was suspected of revolutionary activities. At 32 Monet and Camille Doncieux married. They had two sons, second one died of tuberculosis where he painted him on the death bed (Kalitina & Brodskaiï ¸  , 2011, 102-120) On later life and death, Monet had difficulty life after death of his wife. The grief gave him the impetus to make the best of his painting. Most of the painting were considered the best for campaign in France. The prospects of Monet starting changing when he met Paul Durand, dealer, who made his paint sale. His painting such as Rouen Cathedral got popularity. Life changed and he started making better incomes. In the year 1926, Monet succumbed to lung cancer. Only 50 people attended the burial at cemetery of Givenery church. Burt, D. S. (2001). The biography book: a readers guide to nonfiction, fictional, and film biographies of more than 500 of the most fascinating individuals of all time. Westport, CT, Oryx Press. (pg

The Nurses' Responsibility in the Prevention of Medication Errors Research Paper

The Nurses' Responsibility in the Prevention of Medication Errors - Research Paper Example Despite the fact that medication error prevention necessitates holistic action of all disciplines within the healthcare domain, nurses have specific roles hey can play in ensuring these errors are abated if not completely prevented. The paper herein discusses some of the responsibilities nurses are charged with to overcome the prime causes and prevent errors in medication. Overcoming inadequate education, training, and orientation Nurses need to be confident about the knowledge they have ass pertains the administration of medication as well as limitations and functions of devices used in administering medication. In the event that they are not comfortable with any aspect regarding administration of medication, they ought to request ancillary training prior to administering drugs. In addition, they need to have knowledge on and make use of time-honored approaches to reduce the occurrence of these errors. One approach of ensuring that the patient is safeguarded against sentinels in med ication is to for nurses to ensure that they have a command of training in the careful verification of every care recipient’s dose of medication against their clinical records (Garber, Gross, & Slonim, 2010). Moreover, they ought to advocate for unit dose systems of administration to facilitate efficiency and limit errors. These systems eliminate multiple doses as well requirements of reconstituting medications. By double-checking the systems, nurses effectively minimize the chance that errors of assumption may occur. Overcoming failures in Communication As valuable and educated members of the healthcare fraternity, nurses ought to be comfortable about questioning pharmacists and physicians about their choice of medications, the doses, the administration routes, reactions, and interactions. Nurses should raise questions to all involved parties to clarify their concerns, before going ahead to administer medication as instructed. They should also clarify orders. More often than not, nurses struggle to make sense out of illegible handwriting and fill out incomplete orders. Prior to administering medication, the nurse needs to ensure that all orders are complete and have been clarified. They have a responsibility to comply with the policies of the organization as afar as safeguarding verbal orders is concerned; for instance spelling or repeating names of drugs and their doses. The clarification of orders is of particular significance within settings in which pharmacists have no opportunity of reviewing he order given by the physician. For instance, nurses in behavioral healthcare, homecare institutions and long-term care regularly communicate orders given by the physician to pharmacists located in a different area via telephone (Prevost 2002). Another responsibility is taking extra caution in light of medications prone to error by increasing communication. Professional literature concerned with health is inundated with reports on medications renowned for ha ving frequent errors in administration. With reference to the institute of Safe Medication Practice (ISMP), the five medications that raise a lot off concern include narcotics and opiates, insulin, injectable potassium concentrate, sodium chloride solutions, and intravenous anticoagulants. As such, nurses need to work

SWOT Analysis of Tesco Express

SWOT Analysis of Tesco Express The organisation which we have taken for the study is Tesco Express the sub brand of Tesco Plc. In our study we are going to identify, describe and evaluate the following management area of Tesco Plc, where we will be involving Marketing Principles to give proper management report on the basis of below strategies: The Organisation Orientation The competitive advantage of the organisation The Impact, positive and negative of the organisations Marketing Mix Management report of Tesco Express- Strength, weakness and improvements that will help to maintain competitive advantage in near future Origin of Tesco Tesco Plc the leading Britain retailer among the top three retailers in the world. They are operating 3700 stores among the world and they have employed around 470,000 employees. They are operating in 14 countries and they are UK, Republic of Ireland, India, China, Japan, Czech Republic, Hungary, Malaysia, Poland, Slovakia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, and USA. Tesco Plc was started by Jack Cohen in 1919 and the name Tesco was first appeared in the shop in Edgware in 1929 since the company has grown they were implementing their innovation in different business. Jack Cohen founded Tesco and his first day profit was ÂÂ £1 among his ÂÂ £4 sales on selling a grocery from the stall in East London. In the year 1924 the first in-house brand of Tesco has launched and they named that product as Tesco Tea. The names come from the initial of TE Stockwell, who was a partner in the tea supplies and the CO from Jack Cohens Surname. In the year 1932 Tesco stores limited have changed to Tesco private Limited Company. Tesco the brand which have changed their way they do business so fundamentally in each and every part of its company. Because of this change they have done in to business which also includes the loyalty management. For that they have taken a different expertise among the world as the earliest and that they have that named as Clubcard. Tesco joined with DunnHumby and created a Clubcard to tracks the buying behaviour of their 13 million customers, through recording and tracking consumption data from shopping bills. Tesco and DunnHumby have jointly built, maintain and mine a rich customer database with information derived from all customer touch points. Using this customer database, Tescos marketing department is then able to manage changes in either individual or general consumption patterns and adapt their marketing strategies accordingly. Clubcard is a reflection of the attributes of the business and its commitment: a strong team ethic, a commitment to serving customers, and most of all, top-to-bottom retailers pragmatism. Tesco made customer loyalty marketing work, when every other British supermarket loyalty programme in the late 1990s failed, faltered or never got started. Every year since 1995, headlines have proclaimed the death of loyalty scheme, usually enthusiastically supported by other retailers whose loyalty schemes are distant memories. Yet Clubcard is never questioned as a strategic priority by the management. Instead, Tesco has responded to the critics by measurably building sales through Clubcard, using the relevant knowledge it creates to improve the way it runs its business. The Organisation Orientation: Definition An approach to business that centres its activities on satisfying the needs and wants of its customers. The production department when starts to manufacture the product, it focuses on the promotion, distribution, pricing etc. How Tesco implemented its Market orientation: It overall beats the competition in producing the best quality product to the end users with great customer satisfaction as mentioned below. Flexibility Plan and goal setting Managerial and interpersonal skills Flexibility Tesco Express is widely opened across the cities in UK and gives options to many consumers to shop easily. In total there are around 150 shops which is great benefit to the consumers. They have introduced online trading where customers can place an order and buy it without any hindrance. Self billing has been bought up to avoid queues, saves time and energy, people can use the self bill system and pay by themselves and also introduced Club cards in which they can measure sales and improve accordingly by collecting database. Plan and goal setting Every organisation has its own plans and works only with the setting right goals at right time. Plans are to maximise sales and profits, maintains No 1 retail store in UK. Targets competitors and remains as a market leader, provides goods/services that are cheap and affordable to public. Business plans and modules are followed to achieve respective goal. Each objective has deadlines to meet so they have to meet their set objective within the stipulated period of time. Ex- Point of sale is an important merchandising activity to remind, people to stock up, just in case, a different product in categories has been brought together under Barbecue Theme, and a sale tends to increase. With the exceptions of meat, Tesco Express has brought all its barbecue products together under one category in store in order to promote sales and profits. Managerial and interpersonal skills- Still not yet completed Marketing: Marketing is the management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably. (C.I.M, 2001) In this cut throat competition, Tesco innovates and re-innovates the new product as per the marketing environment in comparison with its fellow competitors. Healthy competition gives the best outcome of the product like price and quality. The main aim is to maximize customers value as a source of competitive advantage. Tescos Marketing Concept Meets customer needs, wants and preferences more effectively and more closely than competitors Asda, Sainsbury WM Morrison supermarket. The basic philosophies of the organisation are production and sales, it integrates the various activities like production, selling, distribution promotion, advertisement and human resource management in a profitable way for the service of the customers. Production: Focuses on the goods where quality matters and profit is gained on the volume of sales. Quality should be maintained in all the stages of production Tesco the company which are offering more than 100 products under their own brand Tesco. Comparatively they are quality oriented and price oriented. These products are mainly targeted their customer daily needs. They are following exact market economics to market their products. Sales: Even Tesco has its own products in Tesco express also they sell products from different brands too. While comparing with other products Tesco products is more cost effective and with high quality. Tesco Express is one of emerging sub brand in the UK is offering the customer to minimise their shopping time. New innovation has been brought in the form of advanced technology for the customers to generate and pay their own receipts by them. Goals have been divided into 3 different sets- Once it sets up the plan with the right objective, the next strategy is to maximise sales with customer satisfaction. Let us take through with 3 different sets of goals. The organisation recognises the market movements of its competitors in order to maintain good mindset in peoples mind. It strives hard to satisfy customers needs, preferences and taste which is very big task. The last and foremost goal is carried out in the internal management to increase productivity with great coordination among staff members who works as a team. Let us concentrate on planning aspects with involving planning strategies as discussed below. Marketing Planning: Marketing Planning: Turning strategies into implementable action and it is a detailed written statement where each and everyone in the organisation must follow the principles and guidelines and act accordingly. Planning is decide in advance what to do and what not to do, planning plays a vital role in the supermarket division as it deals with FMCG products, in day todays business the sales increases rapidly when everything goes according to plan. Internal and External Environment Key Aspects- Position of Tesco when compared to other companies. Where are we now? Significant improvement has shown in identical market in UK Marketing Audit Market Research Environment Analysis How did we get there? They got there simply because of good performance which was solid. Where are we heading and where do we want to be? Tesco express has strived to achieve the highest standards to ensure the long-term access to quality products and maintain their position as the UKs number 1 supermarket. Tescos aim is to keep customers happy, to achieve high profit margins, to motivate workers, expand its marketing strategies, and support economic issues and to be friendly towards the environment. Tesco aims to cover every conceivable part of the consumer base with management controls. Review Procedures Management Controls How might we get there? It has good marketing mix strategies and implements successfully. By doing so it has reached heights by giving services to consumers. Tesco Express should make als Marketing Mix Which way is best? Are we on course? How can we ensure arrival? Choice criteria Screening Modelling Company Profile SWOT Once marketing planning is carried out successfully the next step is to concentrate on marketing audit. It can be analysed with the inclusion of Strengths Weakness Opportunities Threats (SWOT). Once the major part is carried out successfully with all the research analysis and datas, it gives us the strategic position. The overall evaluation of a companys strengths, weakness, opportunity and threats is called as SWOT analysis. It is a way of monitoring the external and internal marketing environment. Good marketing is the art of finding, developing and profiting from these opportunities. A marketing opportunity is an area of buyer need and interest that a company has a high profitably of profitably satisfying. There are three main sources of market opportunities are. The first is to supply something that is short supply. This requires little marketing talent, as the need is obvious. The second is to supply an existing product or service in a new or superior way. The last method often leads to a very new product or service by offering lower price with good quality. To evaluate opportunities companies can use Market Opportunity Analysis (MOA) to determine their attractiveness and profitably of asking questions such as Can we focus the target markets and reach them with cost-effective method and trade markets? Can we deliver the benefits better than any actual or potential competitors? Will the financial rate of return meet or exceed our required threshold for investment? Does our company possess or have access to the critical capabilities and resources we need to deliver the customer benefits? Can we articulate the benefits convincingly to a defined target market? Based on the above Kotlers theory we will be giving out SWOT analysis data. Strengths A wider range of products including fresh and healthy food are available. Tesco express has added around 800 new product lines last year. Stores have increased by over 35% since 2000. Quality of products is sold. All classes of people can afford to buy. It has strong Market Leadership. Strong and good brand image. Weakness Range of stores is limited in Tesco Express and price is not as good as main stores. Inventory turnover is weak. Does not respond queries in time. It mainly concentrates and depends only in UK and Europe. Turnover is poor. Opportunities Planning to open retail environment in Euro zone. Tesco Express has been bought up in density area to satisfy customers requirement with ease. Opportunities in India and other international markets and also they have got private labelling schemes. Threats Intense cut throat competition High interest rates in UK. Labour wages are increasingly at a higher rate. Difficult conditions in International markets. Competitive advantage of the organisation Jack Welch, former CEO of GE says, If you dont have competitive advantage, dont compete. (Jobber 2007:773) In the face of global competition and cut throat competition, there are many competitors are growing day by day and the rule of survival for the fittest comes into picture. Companies are forced to survive by increasing the production and sales at a better rate. With todays technology changing day by day oragnisation has to put the best foot forward to stay and compete. As a result they gain enormous experience to handle different sets of consumers and their buying habits Marketing is all about to generate transactions and to generate relationships. No organisation stands alone in the market without competitors; the company cannot develop its products by developing the product range and its features but also faces the competitive environment of the market. The factors which analyses the changing economic environment in the trading community and reacts accordingly. The competitors also influences various factors such as success or failure of a business in any market conditions, this is why it is important to consider systematically a number of aspects of competitive behaviour. Competitive analysis is a systematic approaching in understanding the key factors of the planning strategy in terms of objectives, resource allocation and implementation through the marketing mix. A good understanding of these factors reveals the organisation to be in a stronger arena in building and sustaining foundations for the firm to hold its position to maintain the reputation in the longer run. Once an organisation finds with whom it is competiting and which category of the competition of the emerging market. When competitors are identified, the probability of forming them into clusters, depending on focus and strategy. The outcome of the identified clusters identifies strong and weak competitors in each group which can be considered as the strategic opportunities defined. These are the number of different characteristic that can be used for identifying strategic segments, which in turn provides a useful framework for evolving opportunities in business environment that leads to an order of implementing organisational behaviour techniques of competitors data that relies on financial performance of the segments served in marketing strategies. The arch rival of Tesco express is Costcutter The arch rival of Tesco express is Costcutter because they are the one who have similar marketing policies to overcome its rival. Tesco Express is spread all over the United Kingdom with in and around 1000 outlets but Costcutter is with 1600 outlets. Comparatively Tesco express and Costcutter got the same logic of attracting their customers to sell best quality with reasonable price . However when we analyse the competitive advantage of Tesco to overcome its fellow competitors with new innovation called Auto billing and paying system but Costcutter lacks with that facilities. opening as wel as closing times varies with Costcutter as it is opened 24 hours open and Tesco express opens from 6am in the morning and closes 10pm in the night. So all we can say is that they are the perfect competitors with having leads and falls with each other in different facts. Tesco express is using different segmentations to make the Tesco express successful among their competitors and their segmentations are geographic, usage and loyalty; On geographic segmentation they categorise their shops according to the market. They mostly were concentrating on the region where they can have the more people who are be the bread and butter consumer that means people who wants to buy one or two products at that specific period of time. Theres a brand familiarity that you dont always get from a local store and the concept is familiar through use of the superstore predecessor. On usage segmentation being an express the range are limited and choice or very little and the price is bit higher than its own Tesco extra. On the loyalty segmentation they have just rock the concept called Clubcard. They have track the customers with the card and it make them to analyse to find the exact need of customer and they serving them according to their needs. Mission Every business has its goals/objectives and works on directions set by the management. No firms can succeed without objectives and tagline of Tesco is, Every little Helps. This tagline has created a realistic statement which is motivating and creates intent in the organisation. The realistic purpose is to provide focus and direction through the conduct of the business. Specific Measurable Accurate Realistic Time bound (SMART). SMART comes into picture once SWOT analysis is completed. Strategy> Behaviour standards Tescos Marketing Objectives The main aim is to retain customer satisfaction and maintain number 1 Retail Company in the UK. To maximise sales and profit To provide reasonable price to the consumers. Marketing Environment Marketing environment and its influences. It has been divided into 2 different categories based on 4ps. Micro Environment Macro Environment Micro Environment has been divided into 4 divisions namely Suppliers Distributors Competitors Customers Macro Environment has been divided into 5 divisions namely A) Socio Cultural Environment Factors affecting demographic structure of the population, lifestyles, attitudes, cultures, issues of public and private concerns, tastes and demands. B) Technological Environment Creates new product opportunities and improve production. C) Economic Environment It determines demand and supply chain. D) Political and legal Environment Rules, laws and regulations are operated as per the Government bodies. Ex: Smoking in public places E) Ecological Environment -Factors such as global warming, pollution, recycling, packaging etc. Macro environment with Tescos principles Socio Cultural Environment Brassington and Pettitt has given definition regarding Demographic, where he briefly explains that it is the study of the measurable aspects of population structures and profiles including factors such as age , size, gender, race, occupation and location. Tesco express has widely opened across and also outside UK to satisfy customer needs and preferences. Where in it represents strengths and weakness. There are wide range of products to satisfy all ages and all classes of people. It broadens tastes and demands according to peoples lifestyle and their expectations. If it does not satisfys then customers can lose interest and faith. Technological Environment- When an organisation uses more and more different techniques then flexibility comes into picture. Tesco express operates paperless transactions. It brings out new innovation strategies to market the product as per the existing environment. The recent one which it has introduced new way of billing system call, Till , where customers can pick, pack and invoice themselves.. This new system has given new dimensions to the customers to save an extra time. Market research is carried out on a regular basis where an organisation collects information with the respect to the customer focus Economic Environment- In this Economic environment 2 key words which handles the whole market is demand and supply. When there is a demand in the market supply increases automatically, this will have a huge impact in the business environment. They concentrate on the factors affecting economic business and monitor them in order to overcome. Political and legal Environment- Each and every organisation concentrates on the government laws, rules and regulations. Tesco Express follows strict rules and regulations and gives out warning signals to the customers. It also gives smoking free environment. Ex- Smoking is prohibited Ecological Environment- It aims to set up a greenery environment in the form of waste, packaging, recycling, and also cutting carrier bag use. It converts waste into an energy source and reduces the amount of waste going to landfill by over a third and works on waste targets scheme which are reviewed and reported every week. We have taken examples of 2 like packaging and recycling. If we take packaging with the product name called Eggs. Packaging helps to protect and preserve food for longer duration and promotes the product to reach the customers in the best condition. Recycling facilities are available in all our markets except China and Turkey. Tescos future plans are to implement recycling facilities even in respective countries as mentioned to have a global impact in the marketing environment. In UK we have 600 recycling centres of our larger stores. Last year we helped customers to recycle approximately 200,000 tonnes. Market Segmentation The identification of groups of individuals or organisations with similar characteristics that have significant implications for the determination of marketing strategy. (Jobber 2004) Segments can be defined on the basis of Tesco principles. ? Customer Satisfaction- customers can be pleased all the time because all the products are available under one proof so chances of pleasing them will be on higher note. They dont target individuals indeed they target on the whole. Customers have variety of products to choose and satisfy their preferences. Ex- Products are sold to all age groups with reasonable price and with most importantly good quality Methods of Segmentation Geographic It targets customers as per the location, country and also takes into consideration whether it is Rural and Urban. Before it opens any new branches, it undergoes market survey based on the customers potential within the respective location. It also makes sure that for which county products are produced, plans for the available resources so that can be used up to the fuller extent, different sets of people has different taste and preferences according to their lifestyle. Ex China and UK. In China people have different lifestyle as compared to UK. Demographic Once it does sets up the business by creating a layout of the geographic successfully, now the next part is to introduce product based on the marketing analysis which includes people age, sex, race, income, occupation, socio-economic status. It collects complete database and then goes forward. Surveys are conducted at regular intervals with the interest of not losing customers focus and interest. This reduces the negative impact on the organisation. Geo-Demographic Geo- Demographic is nothing but the combination of geographic and demographic. Organisation works on the purchasing behaviours of the people. Once it gathers the available date by doing research in first and second stage and then works as per the prescribed plan. Postcode systems can assist agencies in the new business development, customer profile and identification. Psychographic Tesco divides the market on the basis of life style and personality of the consumers. It targets people of all ages with their requirements. From grocery, eatables to liquor. Types of Target Marketing Need to include on the basis of Tescos target marketing with the inclusion of 4 ps. Undifferentiated and differentiated marketing. Let us talk about the Positioning of Tesco. In earlier days Tesco did not have the brand name but when sales started picking up and demand was on higher side, it did not compromise quality in order to reduce price and it is very convenient to the customers to purchase products as quality of products are available. Once customers got an idea how good Tesco is then Tesco gained its brand name. With the brand name Tesco started to experiment the products with greater profits and then it is managing the customers with great customer loyalty. Philosophy of entire marketing mix hinges with good positioning and failed to do so creates unsound positioning. Positioning Strategies Reasonable price Good quality More and variety of Products Clearance sales Weekend offers and Festive offers Keys to successful positioning are based on competitiveness, successful positioning, creditability and consistency. Repositioning of product Takes place when positioning of products declines. Change in customer tastes and preferences. New competitors enters the market Marketing Mix An Effective marketing mix Tesco compromises on price and does not compromises on quality More demand and more supply. Customers loyalty Refer http://www.cim.co.uk/filestore/resources/10minguides/marketingmix.pdf The Impact, positive and negative of the Tesco Express marketing mix Marketing mix is divided into 7ps but let us concentrate on 4 ps which as follows. Promotion Place Price Product. We will critically discus 4 ps in the following stages. Promotion Promotion is generally referred as awareness created towards the introduction of new product and also the availability of the existing product by means of selling activities and advertising. The main aim of promotion is to spread awareness of the products, uses and benefits. It helps the organisation to position their products in the market to reach customers. The effective tool of promotion of Tesco Express is in the form of television and email adverts, message should be clear and simple so that it can reach the targeted audience by creating a desired response. There are different types of promotions such as advertising, personal selling, public relations and sales promotions. Promotional strategy- One of the Tescos key strategies in the promotional activity is, Clubcard loyalty scheme where it has been a huge success and in turn their market share has been increased. This change has led them to be a market leader. They were giving best and competitive prices to the market, products like fresh vegetables, fish, chicken , mutton, beef and all sorts of necessary day to day needs which were outsourced from the farmers , fish, mongers , butchers directly. They have opened number of convenience stores in every possible place and therefore have a good appeal to a huge number of customers in the market environment. Therefore had a very huge response when they had introduced the club card plus debit card scheme. They not only target higher classes of people but also different classes of people. Introduction of Tesco finest and also budgeted version called Tesco value which is having very huge impact in all the classes of the people. Now it shows how they promote their market to reach different classes of people. Advertising- It can be defined as any paid form of non-personal promotion transmitted through a mass medium. The sponsor should be clearly identified and the advertisement may relate to an organisation, a product or a service. The key difference, therefore, between advertising and other forms of promotion is that it is impersonal and communicates with large numbers of people through paid media channels. (Ref 1) Each and every organisation will advertise for the products produced, Tesco has always gives ads saying that they sell cheapest product in the whole of UK and it is one of the cheapest selling supermarket, where they claim that the price of the products is at least a penny less than their competiting firm in the advertisement featuring Prunella scales and Jane Horrocks comparing bills between Tesco and other stores. Stringent rules has to be followed when it is giving comparative advertising as per UK governments rule and abides the body for advertising standards, the Committee of Advertising Practice as listed in the rules and regulations act. They also have different advertisement taglines called, Every little helps, We sell for less, 1 billion pounds off, is youre nearest the dearest, Low prices every day because we sell 10000 everyday. There have been many advertisement campaigns stating that their products are cheaper to their direct competitors. Personal selling and sales force- According to fill (2002, p. 16), personal selling can be defined as: An interpersonal communication tool which involves face to face activities under taken by individuals, often representing an organisation, in order to inform, persuade or remind an individual or group to take appropriate action, as required by the sponsors representative. (Ref 2) Tesco has been occupied in all the field of business with a brooder marketing strategy; as far as personal selling is concerned they do not need, since they vastly deal with day today products. The only personal selling that they follow is online shopping which is not related to this category of marketing. Sales Promotion- According to the institute of sales promotion, sales promotion is: According to the institute of sales promotion, sales promotion is: The store offers a wide range of promotional offers in various times, if they open a store they would give away vouchers having a 2 pound discount on every six pounds spent for every passerby, club card members, computer tokens for schools. Below are the examples of New Year sales promotion. Examples of the New Year promotions offers include: Danepak Maple Cure Back Bacon 220g, was ÂÂ £3.00, now ÂÂ £1.50 Extra Large Pineapple, was ÂÂ £3.00, now ÂÂ £1.50 Baking Potatoes 2.5kg, was ÂÂ £1.92, now ÂÂ £1 Dolmio Original Bolognese Pasta Sauce 750g, was ÂÂ £2.12, now ÂÂ £1.06 Princes Tuna Chunks In Brine 4X185g, was ÂÂ £5.39, now ÂÂ £2.69 Maryland Choc Chip Hazelnut Cookies 150g, was 86p, now 43p. Kelloggs Special K Oats and Honey 425g, was ÂÂ £2.87, now ÂÂ £1.40 New Covent Garden Plum Tomato Sweet Basil Soup 600g, was ÂÂ £1.97, now 98 SWOT Analysis of Tesco Express SWOT Analysis of Tesco Express The organisation which we have taken for the study is Tesco Express the sub brand of Tesco Plc. In our study we are going to identify, describe and evaluate the following management area of Tesco Plc, where we will be involving Marketing Principles to give proper management report on the basis of below strategies: The Organisation Orientation The competitive advantage of the organisation The Impact, positive and negative of the organisations Marketing Mix Management report of Tesco Express- Strength, weakness and improvements that will help to maintain competitive advantage in near future Origin of Tesco Tesco Plc the leading Britain retailer among the top three retailers in the world. They are operating 3700 stores among the world and they have employed around 470,000 employees. They are operating in 14 countries and they are UK, Republic of Ireland, India, China, Japan, Czech Republic, Hungary, Malaysia, Poland, Slovakia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, and USA. Tesco Plc was started by Jack Cohen in 1919 and the name Tesco was first appeared in the shop in Edgware in 1929 since the company has grown they were implementing their innovation in different business. Jack Cohen founded Tesco and his first day profit was ÂÂ £1 among his ÂÂ £4 sales on selling a grocery from the stall in East London. In the year 1924 the first in-house brand of Tesco has launched and they named that product as Tesco Tea. The names come from the initial of TE Stockwell, who was a partner in the tea supplies and the CO from Jack Cohens Surname. In the year 1932 Tesco stores limited have changed to Tesco private Limited Company. Tesco the brand which have changed their way they do business so fundamentally in each and every part of its company. Because of this change they have done in to business which also includes the loyalty management. For that they have taken a different expertise among the world as the earliest and that they have that named as Clubcard. Tesco joined with DunnHumby and created a Clubcard to tracks the buying behaviour of their 13 million customers, through recording and tracking consumption data from shopping bills. Tesco and DunnHumby have jointly built, maintain and mine a rich customer database with information derived from all customer touch points. Using this customer database, Tescos marketing department is then able to manage changes in either individual or general consumption patterns and adapt their marketing strategies accordingly. Clubcard is a reflection of the attributes of the business and its commitment: a strong team ethic, a commitment to serving customers, and most of all, top-to-bottom retailers pragmatism. Tesco made customer loyalty marketing work, when every other British supermarket loyalty programme in the late 1990s failed, faltered or never got started. Every year since 1995, headlines have proclaimed the death of loyalty scheme, usually enthusiastically supported by other retailers whose loyalty schemes are distant memories. Yet Clubcard is never questioned as a strategic priority by the management. Instead, Tesco has responded to the critics by measurably building sales through Clubcard, using the relevant knowledge it creates to improve the way it runs its business. The Organisation Orientation: Definition An approach to business that centres its activities on satisfying the needs and wants of its customers. The production department when starts to manufacture the product, it focuses on the promotion, distribution, pricing etc. How Tesco implemented its Market orientation: It overall beats the competition in producing the best quality product to the end users with great customer satisfaction as mentioned below. Flexibility Plan and goal setting Managerial and interpersonal skills Flexibility Tesco Express is widely opened across the cities in UK and gives options to many consumers to shop easily. In total there are around 150 shops which is great benefit to the consumers. They have introduced online trading where customers can place an order and buy it without any hindrance. Self billing has been bought up to avoid queues, saves time and energy, people can use the self bill system and pay by themselves and also introduced Club cards in which they can measure sales and improve accordingly by collecting database. Plan and goal setting Every organisation has its own plans and works only with the setting right goals at right time. Plans are to maximise sales and profits, maintains No 1 retail store in UK. Targets competitors and remains as a market leader, provides goods/services that are cheap and affordable to public. Business plans and modules are followed to achieve respective goal. Each objective has deadlines to meet so they have to meet their set objective within the stipulated period of time. Ex- Point of sale is an important merchandising activity to remind, people to stock up, just in case, a different product in categories has been brought together under Barbecue Theme, and a sale tends to increase. With the exceptions of meat, Tesco Express has brought all its barbecue products together under one category in store in order to promote sales and profits. Managerial and interpersonal skills- Still not yet completed Marketing: Marketing is the management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably. (C.I.M, 2001) In this cut throat competition, Tesco innovates and re-innovates the new product as per the marketing environment in comparison with its fellow competitors. Healthy competition gives the best outcome of the product like price and quality. The main aim is to maximize customers value as a source of competitive advantage. Tescos Marketing Concept Meets customer needs, wants and preferences more effectively and more closely than competitors Asda, Sainsbury WM Morrison supermarket. The basic philosophies of the organisation are production and sales, it integrates the various activities like production, selling, distribution promotion, advertisement and human resource management in a profitable way for the service of the customers. Production: Focuses on the goods where quality matters and profit is gained on the volume of sales. Quality should be maintained in all the stages of production Tesco the company which are offering more than 100 products under their own brand Tesco. Comparatively they are quality oriented and price oriented. These products are mainly targeted their customer daily needs. They are following exact market economics to market their products. Sales: Even Tesco has its own products in Tesco express also they sell products from different brands too. While comparing with other products Tesco products is more cost effective and with high quality. Tesco Express is one of emerging sub brand in the UK is offering the customer to minimise their shopping time. New innovation has been brought in the form of advanced technology for the customers to generate and pay their own receipts by them. Goals have been divided into 3 different sets- Once it sets up the plan with the right objective, the next strategy is to maximise sales with customer satisfaction. Let us take through with 3 different sets of goals. The organisation recognises the market movements of its competitors in order to maintain good mindset in peoples mind. It strives hard to satisfy customers needs, preferences and taste which is very big task. The last and foremost goal is carried out in the internal management to increase productivity with great coordination among staff members who works as a team. Let us concentrate on planning aspects with involving planning strategies as discussed below. Marketing Planning: Marketing Planning: Turning strategies into implementable action and it is a detailed written statement where each and everyone in the organisation must follow the principles and guidelines and act accordingly. Planning is decide in advance what to do and what not to do, planning plays a vital role in the supermarket division as it deals with FMCG products, in day todays business the sales increases rapidly when everything goes according to plan. Internal and External Environment Key Aspects- Position of Tesco when compared to other companies. Where are we now? Significant improvement has shown in identical market in UK Marketing Audit Market Research Environment Analysis How did we get there? They got there simply because of good performance which was solid. Where are we heading and where do we want to be? Tesco express has strived to achieve the highest standards to ensure the long-term access to quality products and maintain their position as the UKs number 1 supermarket. Tescos aim is to keep customers happy, to achieve high profit margins, to motivate workers, expand its marketing strategies, and support economic issues and to be friendly towards the environment. Tesco aims to cover every conceivable part of the consumer base with management controls. Review Procedures Management Controls How might we get there? It has good marketing mix strategies and implements successfully. By doing so it has reached heights by giving services to consumers. Tesco Express should make als Marketing Mix Which way is best? Are we on course? How can we ensure arrival? Choice criteria Screening Modelling Company Profile SWOT Once marketing planning is carried out successfully the next step is to concentrate on marketing audit. It can be analysed with the inclusion of Strengths Weakness Opportunities Threats (SWOT). Once the major part is carried out successfully with all the research analysis and datas, it gives us the strategic position. The overall evaluation of a companys strengths, weakness, opportunity and threats is called as SWOT analysis. It is a way of monitoring the external and internal marketing environment. Good marketing is the art of finding, developing and profiting from these opportunities. A marketing opportunity is an area of buyer need and interest that a company has a high profitably of profitably satisfying. There are three main sources of market opportunities are. The first is to supply something that is short supply. This requires little marketing talent, as the need is obvious. The second is to supply an existing product or service in a new or superior way. The last method often leads to a very new product or service by offering lower price with good quality. To evaluate opportunities companies can use Market Opportunity Analysis (MOA) to determine their attractiveness and profitably of asking questions such as Can we focus the target markets and reach them with cost-effective method and trade markets? Can we deliver the benefits better than any actual or potential competitors? Will the financial rate of return meet or exceed our required threshold for investment? Does our company possess or have access to the critical capabilities and resources we need to deliver the customer benefits? Can we articulate the benefits convincingly to a defined target market? Based on the above Kotlers theory we will be giving out SWOT analysis data. Strengths A wider range of products including fresh and healthy food are available. Tesco express has added around 800 new product lines last year. Stores have increased by over 35% since 2000. Quality of products is sold. All classes of people can afford to buy. It has strong Market Leadership. Strong and good brand image. Weakness Range of stores is limited in Tesco Express and price is not as good as main stores. Inventory turnover is weak. Does not respond queries in time. It mainly concentrates and depends only in UK and Europe. Turnover is poor. Opportunities Planning to open retail environment in Euro zone. Tesco Express has been bought up in density area to satisfy customers requirement with ease. Opportunities in India and other international markets and also they have got private labelling schemes. Threats Intense cut throat competition High interest rates in UK. Labour wages are increasingly at a higher rate. Difficult conditions in International markets. Competitive advantage of the organisation Jack Welch, former CEO of GE says, If you dont have competitive advantage, dont compete. (Jobber 2007:773) In the face of global competition and cut throat competition, there are many competitors are growing day by day and the rule of survival for the fittest comes into picture. Companies are forced to survive by increasing the production and sales at a better rate. With todays technology changing day by day oragnisation has to put the best foot forward to stay and compete. As a result they gain enormous experience to handle different sets of consumers and their buying habits Marketing is all about to generate transactions and to generate relationships. No organisation stands alone in the market without competitors; the company cannot develop its products by developing the product range and its features but also faces the competitive environment of the market. The factors which analyses the changing economic environment in the trading community and reacts accordingly. The competitors also influences various factors such as success or failure of a business in any market conditions, this is why it is important to consider systematically a number of aspects of competitive behaviour. Competitive analysis is a systematic approaching in understanding the key factors of the planning strategy in terms of objectives, resource allocation and implementation through the marketing mix. A good understanding of these factors reveals the organisation to be in a stronger arena in building and sustaining foundations for the firm to hold its position to maintain the reputation in the longer run. Once an organisation finds with whom it is competiting and which category of the competition of the emerging market. When competitors are identified, the probability of forming them into clusters, depending on focus and strategy. The outcome of the identified clusters identifies strong and weak competitors in each group which can be considered as the strategic opportunities defined. These are the number of different characteristic that can be used for identifying strategic segments, which in turn provides a useful framework for evolving opportunities in business environment that leads to an order of implementing organisational behaviour techniques of competitors data that relies on financial performance of the segments served in marketing strategies. The arch rival of Tesco express is Costcutter The arch rival of Tesco express is Costcutter because they are the one who have similar marketing policies to overcome its rival. Tesco Express is spread all over the United Kingdom with in and around 1000 outlets but Costcutter is with 1600 outlets. Comparatively Tesco express and Costcutter got the same logic of attracting their customers to sell best quality with reasonable price . However when we analyse the competitive advantage of Tesco to overcome its fellow competitors with new innovation called Auto billing and paying system but Costcutter lacks with that facilities. opening as wel as closing times varies with Costcutter as it is opened 24 hours open and Tesco express opens from 6am in the morning and closes 10pm in the night. So all we can say is that they are the perfect competitors with having leads and falls with each other in different facts. Tesco express is using different segmentations to make the Tesco express successful among their competitors and their segmentations are geographic, usage and loyalty; On geographic segmentation they categorise their shops according to the market. They mostly were concentrating on the region where they can have the more people who are be the bread and butter consumer that means people who wants to buy one or two products at that specific period of time. Theres a brand familiarity that you dont always get from a local store and the concept is familiar through use of the superstore predecessor. On usage segmentation being an express the range are limited and choice or very little and the price is bit higher than its own Tesco extra. On the loyalty segmentation they have just rock the concept called Clubcard. They have track the customers with the card and it make them to analyse to find the exact need of customer and they serving them according to their needs. Mission Every business has its goals/objectives and works on directions set by the management. No firms can succeed without objectives and tagline of Tesco is, Every little Helps. This tagline has created a realistic statement which is motivating and creates intent in the organisation. The realistic purpose is to provide focus and direction through the conduct of the business. Specific Measurable Accurate Realistic Time bound (SMART). SMART comes into picture once SWOT analysis is completed. Strategy> Behaviour standards Tescos Marketing Objectives The main aim is to retain customer satisfaction and maintain number 1 Retail Company in the UK. To maximise sales and profit To provide reasonable price to the consumers. Marketing Environment Marketing environment and its influences. It has been divided into 2 different categories based on 4ps. Micro Environment Macro Environment Micro Environment has been divided into 4 divisions namely Suppliers Distributors Competitors Customers Macro Environment has been divided into 5 divisions namely A) Socio Cultural Environment Factors affecting demographic structure of the population, lifestyles, attitudes, cultures, issues of public and private concerns, tastes and demands. B) Technological Environment Creates new product opportunities and improve production. C) Economic Environment It determines demand and supply chain. D) Political and legal Environment Rules, laws and regulations are operated as per the Government bodies. Ex: Smoking in public places E) Ecological Environment -Factors such as global warming, pollution, recycling, packaging etc. Macro environment with Tescos principles Socio Cultural Environment Brassington and Pettitt has given definition regarding Demographic, where he briefly explains that it is the study of the measurable aspects of population structures and profiles including factors such as age , size, gender, race, occupation and location. Tesco express has widely opened across and also outside UK to satisfy customer needs and preferences. Where in it represents strengths and weakness. There are wide range of products to satisfy all ages and all classes of people. It broadens tastes and demands according to peoples lifestyle and their expectations. If it does not satisfys then customers can lose interest and faith. Technological Environment- When an organisation uses more and more different techniques then flexibility comes into picture. Tesco express operates paperless transactions. It brings out new innovation strategies to market the product as per the existing environment. The recent one which it has introduced new way of billing system call, Till , where customers can pick, pack and invoice themselves.. This new system has given new dimensions to the customers to save an extra time. Market research is carried out on a regular basis where an organisation collects information with the respect to the customer focus Economic Environment- In this Economic environment 2 key words which handles the whole market is demand and supply. When there is a demand in the market supply increases automatically, this will have a huge impact in the business environment. They concentrate on the factors affecting economic business and monitor them in order to overcome. Political and legal Environment- Each and every organisation concentrates on the government laws, rules and regulations. Tesco Express follows strict rules and regulations and gives out warning signals to the customers. It also gives smoking free environment. Ex- Smoking is prohibited Ecological Environment- It aims to set up a greenery environment in the form of waste, packaging, recycling, and also cutting carrier bag use. It converts waste into an energy source and reduces the amount of waste going to landfill by over a third and works on waste targets scheme which are reviewed and reported every week. We have taken examples of 2 like packaging and recycling. If we take packaging with the product name called Eggs. Packaging helps to protect and preserve food for longer duration and promotes the product to reach the customers in the best condition. Recycling facilities are available in all our markets except China and Turkey. Tescos future plans are to implement recycling facilities even in respective countries as mentioned to have a global impact in the marketing environment. In UK we have 600 recycling centres of our larger stores. Last year we helped customers to recycle approximately 200,000 tonnes. Market Segmentation The identification of groups of individuals or organisations with similar characteristics that have significant implications for the determination of marketing strategy. (Jobber 2004) Segments can be defined on the basis of Tesco principles. ? Customer Satisfaction- customers can be pleased all the time because all the products are available under one proof so chances of pleasing them will be on higher note. They dont target individuals indeed they target on the whole. Customers have variety of products to choose and satisfy their preferences. Ex- Products are sold to all age groups with reasonable price and with most importantly good quality Methods of Segmentation Geographic It targets customers as per the location, country and also takes into consideration whether it is Rural and Urban. Before it opens any new branches, it undergoes market survey based on the customers potential within the respective location. It also makes sure that for which county products are produced, plans for the available resources so that can be used up to the fuller extent, different sets of people has different taste and preferences according to their lifestyle. Ex China and UK. In China people have different lifestyle as compared to UK. Demographic Once it does sets up the business by creating a layout of the geographic successfully, now the next part is to introduce product based on the marketing analysis which includes people age, sex, race, income, occupation, socio-economic status. It collects complete database and then goes forward. Surveys are conducted at regular intervals with the interest of not losing customers focus and interest. This reduces the negative impact on the organisation. Geo-Demographic Geo- Demographic is nothing but the combination of geographic and demographic. Organisation works on the purchasing behaviours of the people. Once it gathers the available date by doing research in first and second stage and then works as per the prescribed plan. Postcode systems can assist agencies in the new business development, customer profile and identification. Psychographic Tesco divides the market on the basis of life style and personality of the consumers. It targets people of all ages with their requirements. From grocery, eatables to liquor. Types of Target Marketing Need to include on the basis of Tescos target marketing with the inclusion of 4 ps. Undifferentiated and differentiated marketing. Let us talk about the Positioning of Tesco. In earlier days Tesco did not have the brand name but when sales started picking up and demand was on higher side, it did not compromise quality in order to reduce price and it is very convenient to the customers to purchase products as quality of products are available. Once customers got an idea how good Tesco is then Tesco gained its brand name. With the brand name Tesco started to experiment the products with greater profits and then it is managing the customers with great customer loyalty. Philosophy of entire marketing mix hinges with good positioning and failed to do so creates unsound positioning. Positioning Strategies Reasonable price Good quality More and variety of Products Clearance sales Weekend offers and Festive offers Keys to successful positioning are based on competitiveness, successful positioning, creditability and consistency. Repositioning of product Takes place when positioning of products declines. Change in customer tastes and preferences. New competitors enters the market Marketing Mix An Effective marketing mix Tesco compromises on price and does not compromises on quality More demand and more supply. Customers loyalty Refer http://www.cim.co.uk/filestore/resources/10minguides/marketingmix.pdf The Impact, positive and negative of the Tesco Express marketing mix Marketing mix is divided into 7ps but let us concentrate on 4 ps which as follows. Promotion Place Price Product. We will critically discus 4 ps in the following stages. Promotion Promotion is generally referred as awareness created towards the introduction of new product and also the availability of the existing product by means of selling activities and advertising. The main aim of promotion is to spread awareness of the products, uses and benefits. It helps the organisation to position their products in the market to reach customers. The effective tool of promotion of Tesco Express is in the form of television and email adverts, message should be clear and simple so that it can reach the targeted audience by creating a desired response. There are different types of promotions such as advertising, personal selling, public relations and sales promotions. Promotional strategy- One of the Tescos key strategies in the promotional activity is, Clubcard loyalty scheme where it has been a huge success and in turn their market share has been increased. This change has led them to be a market leader. They were giving best and competitive prices to the market, products like fresh vegetables, fish, chicken , mutton, beef and all sorts of necessary day to day needs which were outsourced from the farmers , fish, mongers , butchers directly. They have opened number of convenience stores in every possible place and therefore have a good appeal to a huge number of customers in the market environment. Therefore had a very huge response when they had introduced the club card plus debit card scheme. They not only target higher classes of people but also different classes of people. Introduction of Tesco finest and also budgeted version called Tesco value which is having very huge impact in all the classes of the people. Now it shows how they promote their market to reach different classes of people. Advertising- It can be defined as any paid form of non-personal promotion transmitted through a mass medium. The sponsor should be clearly identified and the advertisement may relate to an organisation, a product or a service. The key difference, therefore, between advertising and other forms of promotion is that it is impersonal and communicates with large numbers of people through paid media channels. (Ref 1) Each and every organisation will advertise for the products produced, Tesco has always gives ads saying that they sell cheapest product in the whole of UK and it is one of the cheapest selling supermarket, where they claim that the price of the products is at least a penny less than their competiting firm in the advertisement featuring Prunella scales and Jane Horrocks comparing bills between Tesco and other stores. Stringent rules has to be followed when it is giving comparative advertising as per UK governments rule and abides the body for advertising standards, the Committee of Advertising Practice as listed in the rules and regulations act. They also have different advertisement taglines called, Every little helps, We sell for less, 1 billion pounds off, is youre nearest the dearest, Low prices every day because we sell 10000 everyday. There have been many advertisement campaigns stating that their products are cheaper to their direct competitors. Personal selling and sales force- According to fill (2002, p. 16), personal selling can be defined as: An interpersonal communication tool which involves face to face activities under taken by individuals, often representing an organisation, in order to inform, persuade or remind an individual or group to take appropriate action, as required by the sponsors representative. (Ref 2) Tesco has been occupied in all the field of business with a brooder marketing strategy; as far as personal selling is concerned they do not need, since they vastly deal with day today products. The only personal selling that they follow is online shopping which is not related to this category of marketing. Sales Promotion- According to the institute of sales promotion, sales promotion is: According to the institute of sales promotion, sales promotion is: The store offers a wide range of promotional offers in various times, if they open a store they would give away vouchers having a 2 pound discount on every six pounds spent for every passerby, club card members, computer tokens for schools. Below are the examples of New Year sales promotion. Examples of the New Year promotions offers include: Danepak Maple Cure Back Bacon 220g, was ÂÂ £3.00, now ÂÂ £1.50 Extra Large Pineapple, was ÂÂ £3.00, now ÂÂ £1.50 Baking Potatoes 2.5kg, was ÂÂ £1.92, now ÂÂ £1 Dolmio Original Bolognese Pasta Sauce 750g, was ÂÂ £2.12, now ÂÂ £1.06 Princes Tuna Chunks In Brine 4X185g, was ÂÂ £5.39, now ÂÂ £2.69 Maryland Choc Chip Hazelnut Cookies 150g, was 86p, now 43p. Kelloggs Special K Oats and Honey 425g, was ÂÂ £2.87, now ÂÂ £1.40 New Covent Garden Plum Tomato Sweet Basil Soup 600g, was ÂÂ £1.97, now 98